Wheat Crop Farming In India With Detailed Guidelines

With the enhancing population, the food requirement of the world is also increasing drastically. And it is an essential food crop that plays an important role in meeting world food requirements. It can grown worldwide, but China tops, followed by India and America when it comes to production.

The scientific name of the wheat crop is Triticum aestivum, and it belongs to the Poaceae family and genus Triticum L. Wheat is a portion of healthy and nutritious food. 

Wheat is the best cereal because it contains more protein than maize and rice. Apart from this, it is considered to be the best staple food in today’s world. It is also used to prepare various food items such as bread, biscuits, cereals, cookies, cakes, pasta, noodles etc.

Here, in this blog, we provide detailed information about wheat cultivation with step by step guidelines. So, if you are a newcomer, then this blog is beneficial for you. Let’s start! 

Wheat Farming in India 

Wheat Cultivation

It can cultivated very easily as compared to many other cereal crops. Here’s how you can get started with it:

• Choose a Good Location

The most important part of wheat cultivation is the selection of a suitable site. It would help if you looked for a place that has fertile soil for cultivation. Loamy textured soil, good structure and moderate water holding capacity are factors you should consider for growing wheat. 

• Soil Preparation

Before starting cultivation, the soil should properly prepared. For this, you can plough the soil with a disc or moldboard plough. Then arrange the soil by doing one deep ploughing and doing 2 to 3 light ploughings. Now add natural fertilizer to it. On average, 50 kg nitrogen, 25 kg phosphorus and 12 kg potash are sufficient in one acre of land for commercial wheat cultivation. Add more organic material as you prepare the soil. There are many farming implements for soil preparation, but the power weeder is quite suitable as it provides efficient working. 

• Climate Requirements

Wheat plants grown and planted in a broad range of agro-climatic conditions. The plants have high resilience and can grown in tropical, sub-tropical regions and temperate regions. The best climate for wheat cultivation is cool and moist weather. The plants can easily survive in temperatures between 3.5 °C and 35 °C, but the best temperature for cultivation is between 21 °C and 26 °C.

• Choose a Variety

It is available in many different varieties around the world. Some of the popular varieties available and cultivated in India are as follows:

• DBW 17,
• HD 2851,
• HD 2932,
• PBW 1 ZN,
• Advanced PBW 343,
• PDW 233
• WHD 943, 
• TL 2908, etc.

Ensure that you have selected the right variety of crops according to the climatic of your region. Also, you can consult an experienced farmer in your region to help you choose the right variety of wheat. 

Planting 

Wheat seeds should sown about 4 to 5 cm deep inside the soil. Always place the seeds in rows and maintain a distance of 20-22.5 cm between the rows. Sowing or planting the seeds at the right time is also important, as late sowing can lead to a gradual decline in production. In India, it is usually sown in late October and early November.

Also, see that the seeds graded and cleaned thoroughly before sowing. Here you can use a fungicide to treat the seeds. 

Caring 

This plants are quite tough and strong. They generally do well in favourable climatic conditions and require very little care. And please take some extra precautions and ensure maximum output.

• Fertilizer – You don’t need to add more fertilizer if you had previously added this during soil preparation.
• Watering – proper and good irrigation is required for the cultivation of wheat. First irrigation should done 20 to 25 days after sowing the seeds. Then, after every 20 days additional 4 to 5 irrigations should given.
• Weeding – Most weeds in your farming field can be controlled while preparing the soil. So make sure you remove the weeds properly. For additional wedding, you can use a wide range of chemicals available in the market.

To care for the crops, you need to remove bushes and small trees, helping in the good growth of the crops. For this, you may have to choose a brush cutter tool as it offers fine trimming of bushes and small trees. 

Harvesting 

Harvesting begins when leaves and stems turn yellow and become quite dry. Remember that it should harvested before it is ripe to avoid loss in yield. Thus timely harvesting is essential for optimum production along with the good quality of crops. When the moisture content in the crop reaches about 25 – 30%, the wheat is ready for harvesting. Combine harvesters are available in the market for harvesting, threshing and winnowing crops in a single operation.

These are complete guidelines of wheat cultivation that help you in wheat farming. For more informative and beneficial blogs, stay tuned with us.